近视性离焦镜片联合调节灵敏度训练控制青少年近视的疗效

Analysis of the Therapeutic Effect of Myopic Defocus Lenses Combined with Adjusting Sensitivity Training in Controlling the Progression of Myopia in Adolescents

目的:研究近视性离焦镜片联合调节灵敏度训练控制青少年近视的疗效。方法:病例对照研究。随机选取2023年1月至2024年1月在唐山市眼科医院验光配镜中心确诊为近视的青少年患者99例(198眼)作为研究对象。所有受检者分成3组:对照组(配戴单焦点球面镜片)33例(66眼),A组(配戴近视性光学离焦镜片)33例(66眼),B组(配戴近视性光学离焦镜片联合调节灵敏度训练)33例(66眼)。观察1年后3组患者的近视屈光度及眼轴增长情况。3组患者近视屈光度及眼轴干预前后数据的比较采用单因素方差分析以及多重比较,而3组患者年龄和性别的数据比较采用χ^(2)检验。结果:干预前,3组患者年龄、性别、调节功能指标、近视屈光度以及眼轴在组间的差异无统计学意义(均P>0.05),表明初始近视屈光度、调节功能指标及眼轴对本研究无明显影响,提示组间具有可比性。干预1年后,与对照组相比,A组和B组的近视屈光度(P=0.047、0.001)和眼轴(P=0.027、0.001)变化量都明显减小,而B组近视屈光度(P=0.038)和眼轴(P=0.046)变化量相对A组更少。3组组间近视屈光度和眼轴比较,差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。结论:近视性离焦镜片联合视觉训练控制青少年近视疗效优于单纯使用近视性离焦镜片。

Objective:To investigate the therapeutic effect of myopic defocus lenses combined with adjust sensitivity training in controlling myopia in adolescents.Methods:A randomized controlled study was conducted from January 2023 to January 2024 at the Optometry Center of Tangshan Eye Hospital.A total of 99 adolescent myopia patients(198 eyes)diagnosed during this period were selected as the participants.All participants were divided into three groups at random:control group(wearing single-focus spherical lenses)with 33 cases(66 eyes),group A(wearing myopic defocus lenses)with 33 cases(66 eyes),and group B(combined with visual training based on group A)with 33 cases(66 eyes).The degree of myopia and axial length growth were observed after one year for all three groups.One-way analysis of variance and multiple comparisons were used to the data comparison before and after intervention among the three groups,while the data of age and gerder of were compared using Chi-square test.Results:Before the intervention,the differences of age,gender,accommodation indicators,myopic refraction,and axial length among the three groups were not statistically significant(all P>0.05),which indicated that accommodation indicators,initial myopic refraction,and axial length did not have a significant effect on this study,suggesting that the groups were comparable.After 1 year of intervention,the amount of change in myopic refraction(P=0.047,0.001)and axial length(P=0.027,0.001)in group A and group B were significantly less than that of the control group.Similarly,compared with group A,group B had smaller changes in myopic refraction(P=0.038)and axial length(P=0.046).The myopia refractive index and axial length among the three groups of patients were statistically significant differences(P<0.05).Conclusion:Myopic defocus lenses combined with visual training are more effective than using only myopic defocus lenses for controlling adolescent myopia.