特发性过度睡眠:一类不容忽视的睡眠障碍

Idiopathic hypersomnia:a kind of sleep disorder that cannot be ignored

特发性过度睡眠(IH)是一种慢性中枢性嗜睡疾病,主要表现为尽管睡眠时间正常或延长,但白天仍会出现过度嗜睡。由于疾病个体异质性、临床症状重叠性高、多导睡眠监测结果重复性差及缺乏明确生物标志物,造成诊断与鉴别诊断困难。本文总结IH的诊断标准更新、临床表现、诊断及治疗策略更新,以期能够得到重视,增加临床诊断识别率、减少误诊率及漏诊率。

Idiopathic hypersomnia(IH)is a chronic central disorders of hypersomnolence that manifests as excessive daytime sleepiness occurring despite normal or prolonged sleep time.Due to the individual heterogeneity of disease,the high overlap of clinical,poor repeatability of polysomnography monitoring results and the lack of clear disease biomarkers,clinical diagnosis and differential diagnosis are still difficult.This article summarizes the update of diagnostic criteria,clinical manifestations,diagnosis and treatment strategies of IH,in order to receive attention,increase the recognition rate of clinical diagnosis,reduce the misdiagnosis rate and missed diagnosis rate.