NLRP3炎性小体在肺损伤中的研究进展

Research advances of NLRP3 inflammasome in lung injury

肺组织损伤在临床中很常见,根据疾病的发展进程可大致分为慢性肺损伤和急性肺损伤。炎症相关因素在慢性肺损伤与急性肺损伤的发生发展过程中扮演着重要角色。核苷酸结合寡聚结构域样(nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain,NOD)样受体蛋白3(NOD-like receptor pyrin domain-containing protein 3,NLRP3)炎性小体在急性肺损伤与慢性肺损伤中发挥重要的调节作用。NLRP3炎性小体是一种位于细胞内的高分子蛋白复合物,可响应内源性危险信号和损伤刺激因子,是呼吸道免疫系统的重要组成部分。然而NLRP3炎性小体过度激活会导致细胞焦亡,进而引起炎症因子的释放,诱发肺部炎症级联反应,最终可能导致肺组织损伤和肺功能障碍。现就NLRP3炎性小体在肺组织炎症性损伤中的作用进行综述,旨在为临床治疗肺组织损伤提供更有效的治疗策略以及研究方向。

Common in clinical practices,lung injury may be roughly divided into chronic and acute lung injuries according to the development course of the disease.Inflammatory factors play an important role in the occurrence and development of chronic and acute lung injuries.Some researchers have reported that nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor pyrin domain-containing protein 3(NLRP3)inflammasome plays an important regulatory role.NLRP3 inflammasome is a high molecular protein complex located in cells.Responding to endogenous danger signals and damage stimuli,it is an important component of respiratory immunity.However,excessive activation of NLRP3 inflammasome leads to pyroptosis.A subsequent release of inflammatory factors induce a complex cascade of lung inflammation and ultimately cause tissue injury and lung dysfunction.This review summarized the roles of NLRP3 inflammasome in lung tissue inflammatory injury.It was intended to provide more effective treatments and research rationales for clinical management of lung injury.