经鼻高流量氧疗和无创通气在急性呼吸窘迫综合征治疗中的价值

Value of transnasal high-flow oxygen therapy and noninvasive ventilation in the management of acute respiratory distress syndrome

急性呼吸窘迫综合征(ARDS)是重症医学科最常见的综合征之一,具有较高的发病率和病死率。顽固性低氧是ARDS最主要的表现,改善低氧是治疗ARDS的关键。由于ARDS病情进展迅速,通常需要使用有创通气,但近年来随着对ARDS认识的加深以及无创氧疗的发展,使经鼻高流量氧疗(HFNO)和无创机械通气(NIV)在ARDS中逐渐得以运用,本文就HFNO和NIV在ARDS中的运用价值进行述评。

Acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS)is one of the most common syndromes in the intensive care unit,with a high mortality and morbidity.Refractory hypoxia is the typical feature of ARDS,and improving hypoxia is the key to the treatment of ARDS.Due to the rapid progression of ARDS,invasive ventilation is usually used to improve hypoxia.But in recent years,with the extending of the understanding of ARDS and the development of non-invasive oxygen therapy,high flow nasal oxygen(HFNO)and non-invasive ventilation(NIV)are gradually used in ARDS.Therefore,we reviewed the role of HFNO and NIV in ARDS in this paper.