云南省8~10岁儿童甲状腺容积影响因素分析

Influencing factors of thyroid volume in children aged 8-10 in Yunnan Province

目的分析云南省8~10岁儿童甲状腺容积影响因素,为完善碘缺乏病监测提供科学依据。方法2020年3-7月,在云南省辖内129个县(市、区)以乡镇为单位,每个县(市、区)按东、西、南、北、中划分5个抽样片区,每个片区抽取1个乡镇,每个乡镇抽取1所小学的8~10岁非寄宿儿童40人(年龄均衡、男女各半)作为调查对象,采集随机1次尿样及家中食用盐盐样进行尿碘、盐碘含量检测;并进行儿童体格检查和甲状腺容积测定。采用Pearson相关分析甲状腺容积的影响因素。结果共采集儿童尿样24934份,尿碘中位数为233.2μg/L;采集儿童家中食用盐盐样24933份,盐碘中位数为24.17 mg/kg,碘盐合格率为96.63%(24003/24839)。共检查儿童甲状腺24937名,甲状腺容积中位数为2.62 ml,甲状腺肿大率为1.12%(280/24937);其中男童12410名、女童12527名,甲状腺容积分别为2.61、2.64 ml。男童甲状腺容积与年龄、身高、体重、身体质量指数、体表面积、盐碘均呈正相关(r=0.15、0.21、0.26、0.18、0.25、0.03,均P<0.001);女童甲状腺容积与年龄、身高、体重、身体质量指数、体表面积均呈正相关(r=0.17、0.26、0.28、0.17、0.27,均P<0.001)。结论云南省8~10岁儿童碘营养处于超适宜量水平,年龄、身高、体重、身体质量指数、体表面积均为儿童甲状腺容积影响因素。

Objective To analyze the influencing factors of thyroid volume in children aged 8-10 in Yunnan Province,and provide scientific basis for improving iodine deficiency disorders monitoring.Methods From March to July 2020,in 129 counties(cities,districts)under the jurisdiction of Yunnan Province,each county(city,district)was divided into 5 sampling areas based on east,west,south,north,and middle.One township was selected from each area,and 40 non-boarding children aged 8-10 from one primary school were selected from each township(age balanced,half male and half female)as survey subjects.One random urine sample and household edible salt samples were collected for urine iodine and salt iodine testing,and physical examination and thyroid volume measurement were conducted for children.The influencing factors of thyroid volume were analyzed using Pearson correlation.Results A total of 24934 urine samples were collected from children,with a median urine iodine of 233.2μg/L.A total of 24933 household edible salt samples were collected from children,the median salt iodine was 24.17 mg/kg,and the qualified rate of iodized salt was 96.63%(24003/24839);A total of 24937 children were examined of their thyroid gland,with a median thyroid volume of 2.62 ml and a goiter rate of 1.12%(280/24937).Among them,there were 12410 boys and 12527 girls,with thyroid volumes of 2.61 and 2.64 ml,respectively.The thyroid volume of boys was positively correlated with age,height,weight,body mass index,body surface area,and salt iodine(r=0.15,0.21,0.26,0.18,0.25,0.03,P<0.001).The thyroid volume of girls was positively correlated with age,height,weight,body mass index,and body surface area(r=0.17,0.26,0.28,0.17,0.27,P<0.001).Conclusion Children aged 8-10 in Yunnan Province are at an iodine excess level;the age,weight,height,body mass index,and body surface area are influencing factors of thyroid volume.