脑瘫儿童髋关节监测与治疗进展

Hip surveillance and treatment in children with cerebral palsy

脑性瘫痪即脑瘫,由发育中的胎儿或婴儿脑部受到非进行性损伤所致,表现为一组持续存在的中枢性运动、姿势发育障碍和活动受限症候群。髋关节脱位是脑瘫常见问题之一。由于髋关节脱位发生隐匿的特点,对脑瘫儿童的髋关节进行持续监测可以早期发现髋关节脱位的征象,进而及时干预,避免脱位进一步加重。髋关节监测的内容主要包括患儿年龄、粗大运动功能分级(gross motor function classification system,GMFCS)、步态类型、临床查体以及Reimers指数(migration percentage,MP)。本文围绕脑瘫儿童髋关节脱位的病程特点、监测时间与目的及不同阶段治疗方式进行综述。

Cerebral palsy(CP)is a syndrome of persistent central movement and postural developmental disorders accompanied by motion limitation,caused by non-progressive brain damage in a developing fetus or infant.Cerebral palsy is not a specific disease.It may be followed by musculoskeletal problems and hip dislocation is one of the most common symptom.Continuous monitoring of the hip in children with cerebral palsy can detect early hip dislocation and prevent further dislocation through timely interventions.Hip surveillance includes mostly age,gross motor function classification system(GMFCS),gait type,clinical examinations and imaging Reimers index(MP).This review summarized the latest advances of hip dislocation in children with cerebral palsy,monitoring time,purpose and treatments at different stages.