肠道间质细胞参与调控结肠动力的研究进展

Recent advances in gastrointestinal interstitial cells regulating colonic motility

肠道间质细胞是起源于间胚层、非神经非胶质细胞的一类特殊细胞,分布于消化道管壁各层。消化道平滑肌层内存在两种间质细胞,包括Cajal间质细胞(interstitial cell of Cajal,ICC)和PDGFRα^(+)细胞(platelet growth factor receptor positive cells,PDGFRα^(+)cells),在消化道平滑肌动力调控中起着重要的作用,并与消化道动力障碍性疾病有着密切关系。近年来,随着SIP合胞体(smooth muscle cell,interstitial cell of Cajal and PDGFRα^(+)cell syncytium,SIP syncytium)概念的提出,PDGFRα^(+)细胞成为结肠动力机制研究中人们关注的焦点之一,为结肠传输功能障碍性疾病的机制研究提供了新的思路。本文综述肠道间质细胞,尤其是PDGFRα^(+)细胞在结肠传输障碍中的作用机制及其在先天性巨结肠中的研究进展。

Interstitial cells of Cajal(ICCs)and platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha positive cells(PDGFRα^(+)cells)are distributed between autonomic nerve endings of digestive tract and smooth muscle cells.Both play an important role in the regulation of smooth muscle cells(SMCs)motility of digestive tract and closely correlated with gastrointestinal motility disorders(GMDs).In recent years,with the introduction of a new concept of SIP,PDGFRα^(+)cells have gradually become the focal point of colonic motility mechanism,bringing new ideas to the mechanistic study of colonic transit dysfunction diseases.This review summarized the research advances of intestitinal cells,especially PDGFRα^(+)cells in mechanism of colonic motility disorders and Hirschsprung disease(HSCR).