可变剪接在肿瘤转移中的作用研究进展

Research progress of alternative splicing in tumor metastasis

剪接指DNA转录成为前体RNA后,剪接因子将前体RNA的内含子减除再将外显子拼接在一起成为成熟RNA的过程。可变剪接(AS)是从同一个DNA模板形成多种具有不同外显子,甚至内含子排布的成熟RNA转录本,进而翻译成具有相似结构的而不同蛋白质亚型的过程,AS是转录水平调控蛋白质多样化及细胞表型变化的重要手段。肿瘤细胞在发生转移时,常获得特殊表型,这些表型的变异不仅取决于基因的差异化表达,也来源于前体RNA的AS。这篇综述将总结目前已报道的与肿瘤转移相关的异常AS事件。

Splicing refers to the process in which DNA is transcribed into precursor RNA,then splicing factor(SF)removes introns and splices exons together to form mature RNA.Alterative splicing(AS)is a process in which multiple mature RNA transcripts with different exons or even introns arrangement are formed from the same DNA template,and then translated into different protein subtypes with similar structures.AS is an important means of regulating protein diversification and cell phenotypic changes at the transcriptional level.When tumor cells metastasized,they often acquired special phenotypes,and the variation of these phenotypes depends not only on the differential expressions of genes but also on the variable splicing of precursor RNA.This review will summarize the currently reported abnormal AS events associated with tumor metastasis.