建构主义教学理论结合PBL教学在消化内科新入职护理人员培训中的应用

Application of constructivism teaching theory combined with PBL teaching mode in the training of new nurses in department of gastroenterology

目的探讨建构主义教学理论结合以问题为基础的教学法(problem-based learning,PBL)在消化内科新入职护理人员培训中的作用。方法选取四川大学华西医院2018年8月至2019年8月消化内科新入职的护士27人作为对照组,采用传统教学;选取2019年9月至2020年9月消化内科新入职的护士24人作为研究组,采用建构主义教学理论结合PBL教学。培训结束后,通过考核成绩和对培训方法的评分比较教学效果。运用SPSS 19.0进行t检验。结果研究组新入职护士理论考核成绩[(95.08±5.61)vs.(91.63±5.27)]和实践技能操作考核成绩[(94.30±7.22)vs.(87.13±6.84)]均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。与对照组对比,研究组新入职护士认为建构主义教学理论结合PBL教学在提高临床思维能力、提高分析和解决问题能力、理论与实践结合程度、调动自主学习积极性、提升自主学习能力、提高沟通能力、培养团队协作能力、激发学习兴趣、提升工作自信和培训满意度得分更高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论建构主义教学理论结合PBL教学有利于消化内科新入职护士培养自主建构知识理论框架体系的能力,提高综合能力,为新入职护士的培养做出了有益的探索。

Objective To explore the role of constructivism teaching theory combined with problem-based learning(PBL)teaching mode in the training of new nurses in the department of gastroenterology.Methods A total of 27 newly recruited nurses in the Department of Gastroenterology in West China Hospital of Sichuan University from August 2018 to August 2019 were selected as the control group,and traditional teaching was adopted.In addition,24 newly recruited nurses from September 2019 to September 2020 were selected as the research group,using constructivism teaching theory combined with PBL teaching mode.After the training,the teaching effect was compared between the two groups through the assessment results and the training method scores.SPSS 19.0 was used for t test.Results The research group's newly recruited nurses'theoretical evaluation scores[(95.08±5.61)vs.(91.63±5.27)]and practical skills operation evaluation scores[(94.30±7.22)vs.(87.13±6.84)]were both higher than those of the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Compared with the control group,the newly recruited nurses of the research group believed that the combination of constructivism teaching theory and PBL teaching could improve clinical thinking ability,analysis and problem-solving ability,and the degree of integration of theory and practice,mobilize the enthusiasm of autonomous learning,enhance autonomous learning ability,and improve communication ability,cultivate teamwork ability,stimulate interest in learning,improve work confidence and training satisfaction,with statistical significance(P<0.05).Conclusion The combination of constructivism teaching theory and PBL teaching mode is beneficial to the training of newly recruited nurses in the department of gastroenterology to independently construct a theoretical framework of knowledge,improve comprehensive ability,and make a useful exploration for the training of newly recruited nurses.