减重手术与营养缺乏:机制、预防与治疗

Bariatric Surgery and Nutritional Deficiencies:Mechanism,Prevention and Treatment

肥胖代谢外科手术(MBS)是目前国际上公认的、能有效并且持续治疗肥胖症的方法。越来越多的研究证实,肥胖症患者在术前已存在着一定程度的营养缺乏。由于手术对消化道解剖和功能的改变,使患者术后在稳定而持续地减轻体重的同时,术前的营养缺乏也会加重,并且出现一系列与营养相关的并发症。本文阐述了患者在MBS前后营养缺乏的发生机制以及营养并发症的防治,并结合临床经验,总结围手术期的营养管理,为临床医护人员改善减重手术患者的营养状况提供参考依据。

Metabolic and bariatric surgery(MBS)is an internationally recognized effective and sustained treatment for obesity.More and more studies have confirmed that patients with obesity already have a certain extent of nutritional deficiency before surgery.Due to the changes in the anatomy and function of digestive tract after surgery,patients can lose weight steadily and continuously,while the preoperative nutritional deficiency will also be aggravated,and a series of nutrition-related complications will occur.This article elaborates the mechanism of nutritional deficiency and the treatment of nutritional complications in patients before and after MBS.Combined with clinical experience,it summarizes perioperative nutritional management,so as to provide reference for clinical medical staff to improve the nutritional status of bariatric surgery patients.