肠道菌群与眼部常见疾病关系的研究进展

Advances in the relationship between gut microbiota and common ocular diseases

肠道菌群是寄居在人体肠道内微生物群落的总称,它在机体消化、代谢及免疫调节等方面均发挥着重要作用。近年来,肠道菌群在参与不同疾病发生与发展的病理机制研究中已成为医学与微生物领域的热点之一,现已明确肠道菌群与多种眼病的发病机制有关。肠-眼轴假说认为肠道菌群失调可诱发局部及外周免疫反应,参与眼部疾病进展。本文中笔者从干眼、青光眼、葡萄膜炎、年龄相关性黄斑变性及糖尿病性视网膜病变等眼部常见疾病角度阐述肠道菌群与不同眼病的关系,旨在为眼部疾病的发病机制和治疗策略提供新思路。

Gut microbiota refers to the collection of microbial communities living in the human intestinal tract,which plays important roles in digestion,metabolism and immune regulation.In recent years,the study on the pathological mechanism of gut microbiota participating in the occurrence and progression of different diseases has become one of the most extended concerned hotspots worldwide nowadays,and the correlation between gut microbiota and the pathogenesis of various eye diseases has been demonstrated.The concept of the gut-eye axis indicates that the gut microbiota has a capacity of affecting the local and peripheral immune responses and participating in the pathological injuries of multiple eye diseases.The latest research progress on the relationship between gut microbiota and different eye diseases including dry eye,glaucoma,uveitis,age-related macular degeneration,and diabetic retinopathy has been syste-matically reviewed in this paper,which to provide new insights into the underlying mechanism and original treatment approaches of common ocular diseases.