n-3多不饱和脂肪酸脑保护机制研究进展

Advances in understanding of brain protective mechanisms of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids

n-3多不饱和脂肪酸(n-3 PUFAs)在脑发育和包括新生儿脑损伤、孤独症谱系障碍、阿尔茨海默病、精神分裂症在内的神经系统疾病的发生发展中起到重要作用。本文综述了n-3多不饱和脂肪酸发挥脑保护作用的机制进展,包括调节突触可塑性、膜受体功能;参与信号转导途径;减轻炎症反应和产生多种脂质介质等,为找寻疾病治疗靶点并进一步进行临床转化提供理论基础。

n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids(PUFAs)play a variety of roles in brain development and the treatment of neurological diseases,including neonatal brain injury,autism spectrum disorder,Alzheimer's disease,schizophrenia,etc.The mechanisms underlying the protective effect of n-3 PUFAs on the brain have always been a research hotspot.The possible mechanisms include regulating synaptic plasticity and membrane receptor function,modulating signal transduction pathways,anti-inflammatory properties,and producing lipid mediators.This review reviews the progress in the understanding of the brain protective mechanisms of n-3 PUFAs,so as to help identify therapeutic targets for the relevant diseases and promote clinical translation.