重症创伤患者相关精神障碍的研究进展

Advance of mental disorders in severe trauma patients

重症创伤是现代非正常死亡原因中最为主要的、伴随着人体多部位的损伤。其不仅具有突发性强、受创面积大及常伴有各种致命性的损伤等特点,也可以引起创伤相关的精神障碍。在这类患者中,创伤可以作为应激源引起中枢和外周神经系统、内分泌器官和体液系统相互作用,引发相关精神障碍,如创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)、谵妄、焦虑、抑郁以及ICU后综合征(PICS)等。考虑到目前对重症创伤患者合并精神障碍认知仍不足,本文将围绕各类精神障碍的特点、机制以及干预治疗的最新研究进行综述,以期为临床干预重症创伤患者相关精神障碍提供参考与建议。

Severe trauma is most important cause of abnormal death in modern life,accompanied with injuries in many parts of body.It not only contains characteristics of sudden paroxysm,large trauma area and various fatal injuries,but also causes trauma-related mental disorders.In these patients,trauma is a stressor to cause mental disorder,such as post-traumatic stress disorder(PTSD),anxiety,depression,delirium,and post-intensive care syndrome(PICS)through interaction between central and peripheral nervous systems,endocrine organs and humoral systems.Considering that there is still insufficient recognition of severe trauma related mental disorders,and research in this field is a hot topic at present,this article reviews the latest research on characteristics,mechanisms,and treatment of mental disorders,in order to provide reference and advice for clinical intervention of severe trauma-related mental disorders.