肥胖和超重中专女生最大氧耗量及负荷运动后脉搏、血压变化研究

Effects of Obese and Overweight on Maximum oxygen Uptake and Changes of Pulse and Blood Pressure After Loading Locomotion Among Girl Students in Technical School

目的 分析肥胖、超重中专女生的最大氧耗量和负荷运动后血压、脉搏等变化 ,评价肥胖与超重对女性青少年心血管功能的影响。方法 在某中专学校对 1 30 2名 1 5～ 2 0岁女生进行身高、体重测量 ,用身高标准体重法界定 35例肥胖与 62例超重女生 ,同时选取1 0 0名正常体重女生为对照。测清晨静卧时脉搏与血压 ;用 30s/ 2 0次蹲起试验进行定量负荷运动试验 ,测量负荷运动前后的脉搏与血压 ;用台阶运动试验测 5min即刻脉搏 ,根据此脉搏和被测者体重在Astrand列线图上查出最大耗氧量估计值 ,并按体重计算最大氧耗量相对值。采用方差分析法 ,比较 3组中专女生最大氧耗量绝对值和相对值以及负荷运动前后脉搏、血压变化差异的统计学意义。结果 肥胖、超重中专女生的最大氧耗量相对值显著低于对照组 ,清晨静卧位及负荷运动后的脉搏、血压水平高于对照组。运动后的脉搏上升百分比均大于对照组 ,差异均有非常显著意义 (P <0 .0 1 )或显著意义 (P <0 .0 5)。结论 肥胖。

Objective To analyze changes of the maximum oxygen uptake, pulse and blood pressure after loading locomotion in technical secondary school girls with obese and overweight, and evaluate the influence of obese and overweight on cardiovascular functions in female adolescents.Methods Height and weight of 1 302 girl students aged 15 20 in a technical secondary school were measured. A total of 35 obese, 62 over weight and 100 normal weight girl students were measured by weight for height method. Their pulse and blood pressure were measured in decubitus early morning and before and after the loading locomotion by squatting down and risking up 20 times in 30 seconds. Step movement test was adopted to test the pulse in instant 5 minutes, the maximum oxygen uptake was found on Astrand liner chart according to the examinee's pulse and weight then calculated the relative value. Chi square method was adopted to compare their absolute and relative values of the maximum oxygen uptakes and changes of pulse . Results It showed that the maximum oxygen uptake for weight in obese female students was significantly lower than that in overweight students and the controls, but the pulse and blood pressure in decubitus early morning and before and after the loading locomotion in obese female were higher than that in overweight and normal weight female students. The change percentage of pulse in obese and over weight girls were higher than the controls.Conclusion Obese and overweight have significant influence on cardiovascular functions to female adolescents.