贫困地区儿童环境卫生健康教育效果评价

Evaluation of Environment Sanitation Health Education on Children in Poverty Area

目的 了解河北省贫困地区儿童的环境卫生知识以及对健康教育的态度 ,探讨健康教育对儿童个人卫生习惯的影响。方法在目标人群中整群随机抽取 2 98人进行基线调查 ,针对问题进行健康教育 ,经过 5a的干预后 ,用同一方法调查 1 94名儿童在环境卫生知识、态度和行为等方面的变化。结果 通过环境卫生健康教育 ,儿童的环境卫生知识、态度和行为发生了很大的变化 ,对引起腹泻的原因、引起肠道寄生虫病的原因、消化道疾病如何传播等方面知识的知晓率有了显著的提高 (P <0 .0 5) ;同时 ,个人卫生习惯有了较大的改变 ,突出表现在洗手时间和方法、喝开水的人数等方面。结论 环境卫生健康教育对提高儿童的卫生知识水平、改变不良卫生行为等方面具有重要的作用。

Objective To know the environment sanitation knowledge and the health attitude of the children in poverty area of Hebei province and the effects of health education.Methods A baseline survey of knowledge, attitude and practice about environment sanitation was conducted among the children in 1996. Then the same survey was carried out after in 1996. Then the same survey was carried out after 5 years' intervention. The results were compared and the impacts of the health education were also evaluated.Results After environment sanitation health education, there was a significant improvement in the environment knowledge, attitude and practice. The correct answer rate for causes of diarrhoea,intestinal parastic diseases and digestive system diseases also improved( P <0.05). The health habits of them had a great change, such as washing before dinner and drinking boiled water, etc.Conclusion Environment sanitation health education was an important method for children to improve their knowledge and change their unhealthy behaviors.