小学生三餐行为和营养知识教育效果评价

Impact of Nutritional Education on Eating Behaviors of Pupils During Three Meals

目的 了解小学生三餐行为和营养知识教育的效果 ,促进其形成良好的饮食行为。方法 对杭州市、温州市 3所小学三～五年级学生 1 4 2 3名进行饮食行为和营养知识教育 ,在健康教育前后进行本底和终末问卷调查。结果 干预前 1周内每天吃早餐的小学生占83 .3 %。在家吃早餐、中餐、晚餐的小学生依次占 75 .8% ,31 .5 %和 92 .6 %。健康教育后 ,小学生中餐良好膳食行为形成率明显提高 ,早餐和晚餐行为改变不明显 ,主要是家庭成员影响所致。营养知识知晓率经干预后明显提高。结论 在小学开展营养教育能有效提高小学生的营养知识水平 ,促进饮食行为改变 ,形成良好的三餐行为。

Objective To assess the impact of nutritional education on eating behaviors of pupils during three meals, and to promote forming of their healthy eating behaviors. Methods One thousand four hundred and twenty three pupils at grade 3 5 in 3 primary schools of Hangzhou and Wenzhou were given education about diet behaviors and nutritional knowledge. Before and after the education, a questionnaire survey was conducted respectively. Results Pupils who had breakfast everyday accounted for 83.3%. Pupils who had breakfast, lunch and supper at home accounted for 75.8%, 31.5%, and 92.6% respectively. Eating behaviors of pupils while eating lunch improved through the education, but no obvious changes were found in their eating behaviors at breakfast or supper; the effects of family members on eating behaviors of pupils were greater. After education, pupils had more nutrition knowledge. Conclusion Primary school based nutrition education is effective in improving pupils' nutrition knowledge and in promoting their healthy eating behaviors. However, it is necessary to implement nutrition education among family members.