摘要
学术背景:平衡能力是人体的一项重要生理机能,在人类生活中有非常重要的意义。特别是老年人平衡能力下降,直接影响老年人独立生活能力,严重的会引起老年人跌倒,诱发其他疾病。目的:总结老年人平衡能力的国内外研究现状,并展望未来老年人平衡能力研究的发展方向。检索策略:应用计算机检索PubMed数据库1990-12/2007-06有关老年人平衡能力方面的文章,检索词"elderly,balance",限定文章语言种类为English,共检索到208篇文章。同时应用计算机检索中国期刊全文数据库、万方数据库1997-12/2007-06的相关文章,检索词"老年人、平衡能力",限定文章语言种类为中文,共检索到85篇文章。对资料进行初审,选取符合研究要求的有关文章找全文。纳入标准:①平衡能力的研究。②老年人平衡特征。③平衡能力评价。④运动干预对平衡能力的研究。排除理由:①较陈旧的文献。②重复研究。文献评价:共19个研究满足全部纳入标准,予以纳入。其中6篇为老年人平衡特征的文献、8篇平衡评价的文献、5篇运动干预老年人平衡影响的文献。资料综合:①平衡能力是人体相关系统功能的集中表现,研究影响平衡能力的前庭系统、视觉系统、躯体感觉、神经系统及肌肉-骨骼等系统功能增龄性的变化趋势,探究导致平衡能力增龄性变化的主要因素是待解决的问题。②平衡测试是定量评定平衡能力的前提,针对老年群体的特殊性,逐步寻求安全、简捷能全面反映其平衡能力的测试方法。③国内专业人员日益提高了对平衡的关注,发表的论文也较多,但由于平衡评定方法不统一,对中国人民平衡能力增龄性变化的研究没有继承性,研究国民的平衡能力增龄性变化是必要的。④众多研究表明,体育锻炼可以延缓平衡能力的衰退。但研究比较分散,运动项目比较单一,探究利于干预的运动项目以及最佳时机是待解决的热点课题。结论:建立一整套适合中国国民平衡能力评价体系,研究国民的平衡能力增龄性变化是十分有必要的,为全民健身活动中的老年人科学地进行健身提供依据。
BACKGROUND: Balance ability is one of the important human physiological functions and plays a crucial role in the human life. Moreover, the decrease of balance ability in elderly people can affect the independent living capacity of elderly people, result in the fall-downs and induce other diseases. OBJECTIVE: This study is to review the research progress of balance ability in elderly people and prospect the future direction of the related researches. RETRIEVE STRATEGY: A computer-based search on PubMed database was undertaken to identify the articles of balance ability in elderly people from December 1990 to June 2007, with the
出处
《中国组织工程研究与临床康复》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2007年第51期10331-10334,共4页
Journal of Clinical Rehabilitative Tissue Engineering Research
关键词
老年人
平衡能力
运动干预
探讨
of 'elderly, balance' in English. Meanwhile the Chinese Journal Full-text Database and Wanfang Database were retrieved for the related articles from December 1997 to June 2007, with the same key word in Chinese. Totally 85 articles were searched and checked primarily, then the articles met the criteria were looked up for the full texts. Inclusive criteria: ①study of balance ability.②characteristics of balance ability in elderly people.②evaluation on balance ability.④effect of exercise on balance ability. Exclusive criteria: ①outdated literatures.②duplicated studies. LITERATURE EVALUATION: Finally 19 articles in accordance with the inclusive criteria were selected, including 6 ones for the characteristics of balance ability in elderly people, 8 ones for the evaluation of balance ability, and 5 ones for the effect of exercise on balance ability in elderly people. DATA SYNTHESIS: ①With the increasing age, balance ability is closely related to the systemic functions of human, including vestibular system, visual system, somatic sensation, nervous system and muscle-skeletal system, thus the factors leading to the age-added changes of balance ability need to be solved.②Balance test is the premise of the quantitative evaluation on balance ability, and a safe, convenient and comprehensive testing method is seek for elderly people.③Domestic scholars pay more and more attentions on the balance, and the published papers also increase, however, the deficiency of uniform evaluation standards can interrupt the researches of the age-added changes of balance ability in Chinese population. So it is necessary to focus on these changes.④Numerous studies indicate that, exercise can delay the deterioration of balance ability, but the contents disperse and exercise items are single. It is crucial to explore the suitable exercise and optimal opportunity. CONCLUSION: It is a urgent that setting up a series of evaluating system for the balance ability in Chinese population and investigating the age-added changes of the balance ability, in order to provide the evidences for the scientific body building of elderly people.
