农村劳动力迁移为什么没有缩小城乡收入差距——以广东为例

Why Village Manpower Shift does not Narrow the Income Gap between City and Countryside——Take Guangdong Province as an Example

广东经济发展过程中出现农村劳动力迁移量和城乡收入差距同时扩大的现象,本文从农村迁移劳动力在城市劳动力市场上的就业分布和农村劳动力迁移对城乡人力资本差距的影响两方面对此与传统经济学理论相悖的现象进行了分析。本文认为农村劳动力迁移没有缩小城乡收入差距一方面因为农村劳动力在城市劳动力市场受到歧视,一般在城市次要劳动力市场就业;另一方面因为农村劳动力迁移扩大了城乡人力资本差距,从而扩大了城乡收入差距。

The income gap between urban and rural areas is increasing constantly with the increase of rural labor migration in the process of development of economy in Guangdong.The thesis looks for the reasons resulting in the phenomenon contradicted with classic economic theories from the distribution of employment of rural labor in urban labor market and the affection of human capital disparity between urban and rural areas coming from rural labor migration.The thesis deems that the rural labor migration did not reduce the income gap between urban and rural areas on one hand because that rural labor is discriminate in urban labor market and usually is employed in the secondary labor market;on the other hand because that the migration of rural labor increases the human capital disparity between urban and rural areas,leading to increase the income gap between urban and rural areas.