《扶桑》中的神话原型解析:追寻新的民族文化之根

An Archetypal Analysis of The Lost Daughter of Happiness

美国著名华人女作家严歌苓的小说《扶桑》塑造了一位生活在19世纪末美国旧金山唐人街的华人妓女扶桑的形象。应该从圆形批评的视角来分析说明扶桑动人之美的深层文化内涵。身为弱者的扶桑,遭受着来自种族、社会和性别的多重压迫,却以人类远古至纯至善的母性力量,超越近代父权社会对她犯下的罪孽,引导堕落的现代灵魂进行深刻反思,其至善、庇护和受难的特质,唤起了人类心灵深处关于大母神记忆的集体无意识。也使迷惘的第五代美国华人移民,在追思与扶桑相系的民族文化之根的过程中,获得新的精神归宿。

This paper attempts to analyze the deep-rooted cultural tradition of Yan Geling's novel The Lost Daughter of Happiness based on Archetypal Criticism.Fusang reminds people of the Great Mother's goodness embedded in their collective unconsciousness.Fusang is kind,supplies protection and is willing to sacrifice herself for her children.As a slave prostitute belonging to the extremely weak group in American patriarchal society,she suffers from racial,social and sexual oppression.However,with the innate and pure maternal strength,Fusang transcends the sin that a patriarchal society imposed to her and guides the polluted modern souls to seriously rethink and redefine race,gender and love.At the same time,she helps the lost fifth-generation of Chinese Americans create a new spiritual home base during the process of re-examining the Chinese cultural heritage in which Fusang's maternal strength is rooted.