SKF滚动轴承的失效分析

Failure Analysis of SKF-typed Rolling Bearing

送风机电机滚动轴承在运行过程中发生温度骤升而失效。对失效轴承解体表明,A电机轴承内圈表面出现麻坑及剥落;B电机轴承外圈出现断裂。轴承中的润滑脂已硬化失效。采用化学分析、硬度测定、红外光谱、拉曼光谱、X射线衍射、热失重分析、扫描电镜及金相分析等方法对失效轴承及润滑脂进行分析。结果表明,润滑脂的硬化导致了金属摩擦副之间的直接对磨,加重了轴承滚道表面的磨损。A轴承的失效主要是由电蚀所引起;B轴承外圈因表面硬度偏低,易产生磨损,在轴承滚动过程中的交变应力作用下发生断裂。

The rolling beating of blower motors was failed for the abrupt increase of its temperature during operation. It's shown from disassembled appearance of the beating that there were some pits and peels on the inner-ring surface of A bearing,and there was a fracture on the outer-ring surface of B bearing;the lubricating grease was also failed for its degradation and hardening.The failure bearing and grease were analyzed by chemical composition analysis, hardness test,infrared spectrum,Raman spectrum,X-ray diffraction,thermogravimetry,scanning electron microscope and metallurgical analysis,respectively.The results showed that the grease hardening resulted in the direct contact friction between the metal friction pairs,which accelerated seriously surface wear of the bearing roller bed.The failure of A bearing was resulted from electrical erosion.The outer-ring of B bearing was wore off easily because of its lower hardness,so fractured under action of alternating stress during the bearing rolling.