选择性注意中意识与无意识过程分离的实验研究

EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF THE DISSOCIATIONS BETWEEN CONSCIOUS AND UNCONSCIOUS PROCESSES IN SELECTIVE ATTENTION

以汉语单字词为材料，通过颜色来区分目标和分心物，采用过程分离程序，直接探讨了目标激活与分心物抑制和意识、无意识过程之间的关系。结果表明，（１）靶词充当分心物时，不仅意识过程存在的概率降低，无意识过程存在的概率也降低。这一结果说明，在选择性注意任务中，信息是有关还是无关，并不能分离意识和无意识过程；（２）靶词充当目标时，加工水平影响Ｐｃ，但不影响Ｐｕ，而靶词充当分心物时，加工水平既不影响Ｐｃ，也不影响Ｐｕ。因此，加工水平能否分离意识和无意识过程。

Using Chinese single character words as materials,red as targets and green as distractors,with process dissociation procedure,the study examined directly the relationship between target activation/distractor inhibition and conscious/unconscious processes.The results showed:1.Identity of the Critical Words influenced not only the estimation of value Pc,but also that of value Pu.Both Pc and Pu decreased when the Critical Words worked as distractors,which meant making information unrelated decreased not only...