北京市海淀区土壤节肢动物群落特征

Characters of soil arthropod community in Haidian District of Beijing

掌握城市土壤节肢动物的群落结构和物种组成对保护城市物种多样性具有重要意义。用手拣法和干漏斗法对北京市土壤节肢动物进行调查,共得土壤节肢动物样本4 984个,隶属6纲16目,共36个类群,其中蜱螨目、蚁科和弹尾目是优势类群,分别占个体总数的32.60%,27.83%,26.91%。不同功能区土壤节肢动物群落特征不同,平均密度为公园>机关单位>校园>工业区>交通干线>住宅区,丰富度为公园>交通干线>校园>工业区>机关单位>住宅区。不同地表植被状况下,土壤节肢动物的平均密度、丰富度和多样性指数排序均为林地>草地>行道树>裸地。另外土壤节肢动物的个体数和类群数随着土层的加深而减少。北京市土壤节肢动物群落组成与同地带森林生态系统土壤节肢动物群落组成基本相同。

To investigate the structure and species composition of urban soil arthropod community is of significance in protecting urban species diversity.In this paper,a total of(4 984) soil arthropod samples belonging to 36 genera,16 orders and 6 classes were collected from Beijing by hand-sort and Tullgren filler,among which,Acarina,Formicidae and Collembola were the dominant groups,accounting for 32.6%,27.83% and 26.91% of the total,respectively.The characteristics of soil arthropod community varied in different f...