水稻温敏核不育系植株温度特征及应用研究

Temperature characters of TGMS rice plant and their application

针对温度波动是两系杂交稻安全制种的制约瓶颈,进行了以水层灌溉和湿润灌溉为处理的分期播种试验。试验表明,20 cm高度的温度对温敏核不育系育性转换的指示作用更为可靠。对两种处理下不育系的茎温(20 cm)、叶温(40 cm)和冠层内气温(20 cm、40 cm)特征研究。结果表明,深水灌溉后,水层是稻田主要的热源,主要以长波辐射和对流方式导热,稻株比空气升温慢、增幅小,而且灌溉增温的有效高度在40 cm左右。水层灌溉后,日最高气温有TQ40>TQ20>TJ20>TY40,体现了太阳辐射对冠层特征面的重要影响;日最低气温有TQ20>TJ20>TY40>TQ40,体现了水层热源对冠层特征面的重要影响。由于育性敏感层温度与灌溉水温1、50 cm气温、20 cm相对湿度、200 cm风速密切相关,建立了可供实用的20 cm茎温与气温的统计模型。

Temperature fluctuation is the key problem in safeguarding the seed production of two-line hybrid rice.An experiment with deep water-and moistening irrigation and four sowing dates showed that the temperature at 20 cm height was an accurate indicator for fertility transfer.The study on the stem temperature,leaf temperature,and air temperature at the heights of 20 cm and 40 cm in deep water and moistening-irrigated fields showed that after deep water-irrigation,water layer,as the main heat source,led to a sl...