国际法院伊朗诉美国石油平台案简析

An Initial Inquiry Into the Case of Iran V America Concerning Oil Platforms

伊朗诉美国石油平台案是国际法院近年的一项判决,主要涉及国际法上的武力使用问题。本案判决包含了重要原则:一国因自卫而使用武力的前提是受到他国的武装进攻,同时自卫必须符合必要性和相称性原则。这一原则的重申对于降低武装冲突的烈度有积极意义。另外,此次判决对国际法上武力使用制度的一个巨大贡献就是在判断一国是否受到他国武装进攻时,首次清楚地采纳了累积效应方法。这意味着一国以武力行使自卫权的范围更加宽泛,其确立有利于各国以合法手段对付日益猖獗的恐怖主义。不过,国际法院的判决也存在不足,即在谈及自卫时,做出了一个几近和解和不全面的评断。实际上,这也反映了国际法院在涉及重大国际政治问题时也无能为力的客观现实。

The case concerning oil platforms(ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF IRAN V UNITED STATES OF AMERICA) is a judgment made by ICJ in recent years,and mainly deals with the use of force in international law.The judgment includes an important principle: the prerequisite of self-defense by use of force is to be attacked from other countries,and self-defense must meet with principle of necessity and principle of proportionality.Besides,the large contribution to the system of use of force in international law made by this judgme...