热带水稻光合特性及氮素光合效率的差异研究

Genetic Variation in Photosynthetic Characteristics and Photosynthetic Nitrogen Use Efficiency in Tropical Rice

在国际水稻研究所(IRRI)农场试验条件下,选用6个不同的热带水稻材料,其中包括2个常规籼稻、2个杂交籼稻和2个新株型稻(NPT),研究氮肥农学利用率(AE)和氮素光合效率(PNUE)及其相关叶片参数的基因型差异,并探讨了它们之间的关系。结果表明,新株型稻的净光合速率(Pn)大于常规籼稻,杂交籼稻居中。各基因型间的气孔导度(Gs)、胞间CO2浓度(Ci)、蒸腾速率(Tr)和Ci/Gs的差异趋势不同。不同基因型叶片的氮浓度(N%)和比叶重(SLW)存在一定的差异。常规籼稻的单位叶绿素的净光合速率(Pn/Chl)较NPT低,杂交籼稻为中间类型;叶片净光合速率和单位面积含氮量(Na)之间存在显著的正相关;本研究所选用的热带杂交籼稻的PFP(氮肥偏生产力)和AE比新株型稻和常规籼稻高,两者最低的均为常规籼稻。氮素光合效率与AE间存在显著正相关,表明后期的氮素光合效率对氮肥利用率具有一定的指示和预测作用,这对于判断水稻品种氮肥利用率将具有重要的应用价值。

Photosynthetic characteristics are considered to be significant in nitrogen use efficiency(NUE)in view of their close associations with dry matter production and grain yield in cereal crops.Photosynthetic nitrogen use efficiency(PNUE)and photosynthetic characteristics were investigated using six tropical rice(Oryza sativa L.)genotypes including two indica inbreds,two indica hybrids,and two NPT(new plant type)lines under field-grown conditions.The objectives of this study were to compare genotypic variations...