人类学视野中的临终关怀

The Hospice Care on the Anthropology

现代意义上临终关怀的重点是以控制症状为主,护理照料为中心的全方位服务。在以医学为主角的临终关怀服务团队中,渐渐渗透了包括人类学、社会学、心理学、伦理学等社会科学视角。实质上,在临终关怀尚未制度化时,人文社会科学就已切入这一领域的研究,而且并未将问题意识局限在量化的临终阶段①,而是延展至疾病、生死、制度、秩序、习俗、仪式等最重要的社会表象,并探究其背后的社会组织与结构及其相配合的社会人格、族群心理和集体情感等层面。人类学关于这一问题的理论和实践是本文论述的重点。

It focues on the controlling the symptom and centers on the care for modern hospice care,it is the all- inclusive service.Hence,it gradually includes anthropology,sociology,psychology,ethics and other social sciences in the hospice care service group at leading of the medical science.In actually,human social sciences went into this field’s study when the hospice care hadn’t systematicalized,and it didn’t limit the quantitical the dying phase,it prolonged to illness, life and death,system,order,custom,rite a...