南京市儿童鼻-鼻窦炎性疾病与支气管哮喘相关性流行病学调查

The epidemic survey of children rhinosinal inflammatory diseases and their correlation with asthma in Nanjing

目的:了解儿童鼻-鼻窦炎性疾病与支气管哮喘相关性流行病学特征。方法:2004年3~9月,用“南京市儿童呼吸道疾病问卷调查表”,对随机选择的南京市7所小学3年级学生(9~10岁)进行问卷调查。根据诊断标准对问卷中有相关症状者,由专科医师进行集中检查,结果进行统计学处理。结果:共发放问卷调查表1087份,回收989份,应答率91%,有效答卷942份。9~10岁儿童慢性鼻-鼻窦炎(慢性鼻-鼻窦炎组)发病率为8.8%,其中男9.1%,女8.5%;变应性鼻炎(变应性鼻炎组)发病率为5.1%,其中男5.6%,女4.6%,两者发病率与性别差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。支气管哮喘总发病率为5.3%,其中男6.8%,女3.7%,男、女发病率差异有统计学意义(χ2=4.518,P<0.05)。慢性鼻-鼻窦炎并发支气管哮喘发病率为19.3%,变应性鼻炎并发支气管哮喘发病率为39.6%,均较无鼻疾病者(无鼻病组)的发病率(1.8%)高,支气管哮喘在慢性鼻-鼻窦炎和变应性鼻炎组中发病率明显升高,均差异有统计学意义(均P<0.01)。结论:支气管哮喘在鼻-鼻窦炎性疾病儿童中的发病率明显升高。

Objective:To realize the epidemic features of rhinosinal inflammatory diseases in children and their correlation with asthma in Nanjing,China.Method:A questionnaire survey on children chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) and airway diseases was conducted among 1087 elementary school children, aged from 9 to 10, of seven schools in Nanjing city by random cluster sampling, from March to September, 2004. The questionnaires include such questions as age, gender, family history, basis diseases, inducements, environment,...