玉米制种基地种子发芽率低下的原因及对策

On the Reason and Countermeasure of Low Germination Rates of Maize Seeds

在玉米种穗晾晒至脱粒阶段,在特殊气候条件下,对160个制种农户三个不同熟期的6个品种进行了调查,分析结果表明:导致发芽率下降的主要原因是自然降水过多,种子降水慢,含水量高,遇低温冻害使芽率下降;晾晒方法不合理,采用搭架平铺的方法,通风透光差,低温到来之前种子未达标准水分;对未降到标准水分的种穗低温到来之前未及时脱粒、烘干;未及时割掉父本,田间透光差成熟后脱水慢,低温到来前种子未达到标准水分;未做到当天收割当天扒皮晾晒,而是扒皮后大堆堆放数日拴挂晾晒,致使堆内温度过高,呼吸作用加强而发生霉变,使芽率降低。作者还进一步指出确保发芽率的四项措施。

With 6 maize varieties which belonged to three mature periods used as materials,their harvesting to threshing under dangerous weather condition.The result showed: Natural apron slowly,water content high,low-temperature freeze injury causing low germination rates of maize seeds;Method of sunning was unreasonable;Ear no threshed before low temperature with high water content;Male parent didn t stroke off;Sunning wasn t on time,ear of mildew.End the author pointed out 5 sorts of measure which ensured germinati...