空间嵌套式流域水文模型的初步研究——以三峡水库入库洪水预报为例

Development of space-nested watershed hydrological model and its application to floods forecasting of Three Gorges reservoir

三峡水库的防洪调度是多任务和多目标的,既需要掌握整个长江上游的水、雨和工情,也不能忽视三峡区间洪水信息。本论文以三峡水库入库洪水预报为例,依据入库洪水特性,在整个长江上游和三峡区间分别构建了大小两种尺度网格单元的分布式水文模型,并与一维和二维非恒定流的库区水动力学模型相结合,初步实现了这两种尺度水文模型的空间嵌套,以此探讨适合于大型流域数字水文模拟的空间嵌套式流域水文模型结构与构建方法。研究初步表明,嵌套模式构建的流域水文模拟方法,能够解决大流域水文模拟中多尺度之间的衔接问题。

For meeting the multi-objects requirement of flood management of Three Gorges reservoir,the hydrological information in the whole upper Yangtze River and the regional floods forecasting in Three Gorges,are both important for reservoir operation.In this study,a space-nested watershed hydrological model has been discussed for simulating the rainfall-runoff and flood routing processes.In this model,firstly,a large scale distributed hydrological model for the whole upper Yangtze River,and a smaller hydrological...