中国西南地区主要地质灾害及常用监测方法

Main geological hazards and monitoring methods in common use in the southwest region of China

我国西南部地区山地面积比例高,地质灾害尤为突出,发生频繁。主要灾害类型为崩塌、滑坡及泥石流。目前的滑坡、泥石流监测工作主要有以工程减灾为目的的专业监测,城镇居民点的综合减灾监测,而广大农村则以群测群防为主监测。国土资源部建立了全国性的内容包括滑坡、泥石流的中国地质环境监测体系,特别是在三峡水库区,地质灾害专业监测由中央主管部门统一指挥、专业技术人员配以相关监测方法及仪器进行。目前使用的主要监测方法有地表位移监测、滑坡体深部位移监测、滑坡体应力应变监测、地下水监测、3S技术综合应用I、nSar技术应用、基于现代通讯技术的实时自动化监测等。通过这些监测,对三峡水库区的移民迁建、经济建设及构建和谐社会起到了重要作用。

Geology hazard is particularly outstanding and take place frequently because of big mountainous area in the southwest China.The main geology hazards are collapses,landslides and debris flows.The monitoring work of geology hazards is mostly professional monitoring to reduce the hazard of engineering,the integration monitoring to reduce the disaster of town residential area and the pooling all the brains and brawn for monitoring and controlling the hazard in the country.The Ministry of Land and Resources has ...