大港减压渣油的多层次分离与组成结构研究

Multi-dimension separation and composition characterization of Dagang vacuum residue

采用超临界戊烷萃取分馏技术,分离了大港减压渣油,得到16个窄馏分和1个萃余残渣,对其组成和结构进行了表征;对超临界萃取分离窄馏分进行了四组分分离,研究了饱和分、芳香分、胶质和沥青质等亚组分的元素组成、相对分子质量分布和平均分子结构.结果表明,由窄馏分得到的四组分(SARA)性质结构差别很大,饱和分的平均分子结构最简单,芳香分的平均相对分子质量最小,胶质中的硫、氮含量最多,从萃余残渣中得到的沥青质相对分子质量分布范围最宽(200～40 000).

Supercritical pentane extraction and fractionation was used to separate Dagang vacuum residue into 16 fractions and a nonextractable end-cut.The narrow fractions were characterized by composition and average molecular structure.Furthermore,the narrow fractions were separated into the saturate,aromatic,resin and asphaltene.Their composition,molecular weight distribution and average molecular structure were also studied in detail. The properties of saturate,aromatic,resin and asphaltene show many differences,such as simpler molecular structure of the saturates,lower molecular weight of the aromatics,more sulphur and nitrogen contents of the resin,wider molecular weight distribution from 200 to 40 000 of the asphaltene.