沉积有机质的加氢热解及其地球化学信息研究

Study on hydropyrolysis of sedimentary organic matter and geochemical information of hydropyrolysates

用加氢热解(hydropyrolysis)释放高演化源岩干酪根和沥青分子网络中共价键结合的生物标志物,在恢复原始有机地球化学信息方面具有重要的意义,可应用于源岩有机质生源确定、成熟度确定、古沉积环境判识以及油/源对比等。实验表明,样品沥青"A"与加氢热解产物中生物标志物的组成存在一定的差异,加氢热解产物中含有丰富的地球化学信息。加氢热解具有产物收率高、结构重排少、生物特征保持完整等特点,能够合理地释放出沉积有机质分子骨架中具有原生性的组分,保持完整的原始生物标志物结构和立体化学特征。加氢热解技术为油气地球化学研究开辟了新途径。

Hydropyrolysis (HyPy) has been developed for the release and investigation of biomarker compounds in the covalently-bonded biomarkers. These biomarkers possess considerable significance to obtain the important information from original organic geochemistry. They can be widely used for the assessment of biogenic sources, maturity, and sedimentary environment as well as the oil/source correlation. Indeed, the considerable evidences indicate that distinct compositional fraction can exist between the bitumen 'A' and kerogen from source rocks. The biomarker compounds from hydropyrolysis will provide considerably more information on geochemistry than those from bitumen 'A'. The results showed that these primary components in the molecular skeleton of kerogen can be released rationally by catalytic hydropyrolysis. HyPy shows the advantages to maximize the yields of covalently-bounded biomarkers from kerogen, to minimize structural rearrangement of biomarker species, and to maintain the biologically-inherited stereochemistry. The application of this method to the field of organic geochemistry will provide a new way for the investigation of sedimentary organic matter with higher evolution. It will have a significance and extensive foreground in geochemistry.