三峡库区土地利用与景观格局变化研究

Land Use and Landscape Pattern Change in Three Georges Reservoir Area

在地理信息系统(GIS)支持下,运用ArcGis软件和景观生态学的方法,对1980～2004年三峡库区土地利用和景观结构的时空变化特征进行了研究。结果表明:24年间三峡库区1495.97km2的土地利用面积发生变化,研究区域综合土地利用变化动态度达0.13%,区域土地利用斑块数由50858增加为50998个,平均斑块面积由1.103 km2/个减小到1.10km2/个。区域土地利用空间格局指数中多样性指数增长0.14%,均匀度指数增长0.23%,破碎度指数增长0.22%,优势度指数降低0.30%。土地利用类型变化的面积大小依次是建设用地>水田>旱耕地>草地>水域>林地>未利用地,土地利用的动态转化过程以林地、草地、旱耕地的相互转化与旱耕地向水田的转化为主。

Land use and spatial temporal change of landscape pattern in the Three Georges Reservoir Area from 1980~2004 were studied by ArcGis and landscape ecology method. Results showed that land use of 1,495.97km2 had been changed during the past 24 years, with annual change rate of regional land use of 0.13% as well as landscape patches increased from 50,858 to 50,998 and mean patch area decreased from 1.103km2 to 1.10km2 As the increasing of disturbance from human, the diversity index, homogeneity index and broken index increased by 0.14%, 0.23% and 0.22% respectively. The transformation in forest, grass land, dry land and transformation from dry land to paddy field dominated the process of land use change.