1[1]VAN DER VURST T J,BODEGOM M E,RAKIC S.Tamponade of presacral hemorrhage with hemostatic sponges fixed to the sacrum with endoscopic helical rackers:report of two cases[J].Dis Colon Rectum,2004,47(9):1 550.
2武正炎 主编.普通外科手术并发症预防及处理[M].北京：人民军医出版社,2000.285.
3[3]HELV CHIR ACFA.Massive hemorrhage from presacral veins during resection of the lectum[J].Article in German Barras JP,Fellmann T,1992,59(2):335-339.
4[4]LUCROCTI M E,ARMSTRONG C P,BARTOLO D C.et al.Control of presacral bleeding in rectal surgery[J].Ann R Coil Surg,1991,73(51):289-290.
