江西省公共场所中央空调系统及二次供水系统军团菌污染调查

Investigation of Legionella Pollutionin in Central Air Conditioning System and Secondary Water Supply System in Public Places in Jiangxi Province

目的了解江西省公共场所中央空调系统及二次供水系统军团菌污染现状,为制定军团菌的监测方案提供科学依据。方法分别于2005和2006年7—9月,采用灭菌玻璃瓶采集江西省南昌市、抚州市、新余市、九江市的大型宾馆、医院、银行中央空调系统的冷却水、冷凝水、循环水,以及二次供水系统的蓄水池水、水箱水和末梢水水样。利用GVPC和BCYE培养基进行军团菌的分离培养,采用微量凝集试验和双重PCR试验进行军团菌的鉴定,并进行分析。结果共采集水样145件,军团菌阳性15件,阳性率为10.34%。2005年检测水样阳性率为9.52%(8/84),低于2006年[11.48%(7/61)],差异无统计学意义(P=0.703)。共检测中央空调系统水样78件,军团菌阳性7件,阳性率为8.97%。Lp5有2株,Lp3、Lp11、Lp13、Lp14、Lm各1株。冷却塔水水样中军团菌的阳性率与冷凝水和循环水比较,差异无统计学意义(P=0.494)。共检测二次供水系统水样67件,军团菌阳性8件,阳性率为11.94%。Lp2有2株,Lp5、Lp6、Lp9、Lp13、Lp14、非嗜肺军团菌各1株。末梢水水样中军团菌的阳性率与蓄水池水和水箱水比较,差异无统计学意义(P=0.850)。中央空调系统中,医院的军团菌阳性率最高,宾馆次之,银行未检出,三者间差异有统计学意义(χ2=8.748,P=0.013);二次供水系统中,银行的军团菌阳率最高,宾馆次之,医院未检出,三者间差异无统计学意义(P=0.113)。结论应加强对公共场所中央空调系统(特别是医院)及二次供水系统(特别是银行)军团菌的监测。

Objective To konw the Legionella contamination in the central air condition system and secondary water supply system in the public places of Jiangxi province. Methods 145 water samples were collected from the public places with central air conditioning system and secondary water supply system, in July to September in 2005-2006. Bacteria culture, hemagglutination test and duplex PCR test were used to identify Legionella. Results 15 Legionella strains was isolated from 145 samples, the positive rate was 10.34%, 7 Legionella strains was isolated from 78 samples of central air conditioning system, the positive rate was 8.97%, 8 Legionella strains was isolated from 57 samples of secondary water supply system,the positive rate was 14.04%. Conclusion It is necessary to strengthen the surveillance of Legionella in central air conditioning system and secondary water supply system.