广西农村居民户厕的现状调查

Investigation of Household Lavatories in Countryside of Guangxi Province

目的了解广西农村居民户厕现状,为政府进行相关决策提供科学依据。方法采取分层整群抽样的方法,于2006年8—12月对广西23个县(市、区)241个行政村的2414户农户进行入户调查,了解户厕类型和居民收入情况。结果广西农村卫生厕所普及率为43.79%,使用非卫生厕所农户占50.95%;无厕户占5.26%;在各种卫生厕所类型中,以沼气池式和三格化粪池式厕所为主,分别占50.14%和33.96%。非卫生厕所粪便无害化处理率仅为13.74%。"十五"期间,农村户建厕资金投入平均为446元,经统计学分析,资金投入额在810元以下时,其与卫生厕所普及率之间尚不能形成相关关系;达到810元以上时,农村卫生厕所普及率有望达到50%以上。结论广西农村户厕建设增加迅速,政府需加强政策和技术支持,以提高农村卫生厕所普及率及粪便无害化处理水平,从而提高农村环境卫生质量,控制肠道传染病和寄生虫病的发生和流行。

Objective To know the current status of the household lavatories in the countryside of Guangxi Province, China and to present the scientific data for the government to make decision in the lavatory improvement in the countryside. Methods A stratified cluster sampling was used in the investigation and 2 414 peasant households in 241 villages were selected in 2006. Results The popularization rate of sanitary lavatory was 43.79% and 50.95% of the peasant households used the non-sanitary lavatory, 5.26% had no household lavatory. The main types of the sanitary lavatories used in the investigated area were firedamp tank-like and three-case-cesspool, accounted for 50.14% and 33.96% respectively. The rate of dejecta treatment for the non-sanitary lavatories was only 13.74%. As the money spent on the sanitary lavatory in each household was no less than 810 Yuan (RMB), maybe the popularization rate of the sanitary household lavatory could reach 50%. Conclusion Although the popularization rate of sanitary household lavatory in the countryside of Guangxi province significantly increased in recent years, it still does not fulfill the requirement for controlling the intestinal infectious diseases and parasitism in this area.