施用根腐病生防颗粒剂对大豆田土壤微生物区系的影响

THE EFFECT OF BIOCONTROL AGENTS OF TRICHODERMA AGAINST SOYBEAN ROOT ROT ON SOIL MICROORGANISM

采用田间小区试验,以木霉菌等多种生防菌结合的生防颗粒剂为材料,探讨施于大豆田后对土壤微生物的影响。调查结果显示,土壤中施入生防颗粒剂后未明显引起微生物区系变化,也没有使某些微生物明显地上升或下降。在大豆生育期间多数生防颗粒剂组合的真菌数量低于种衣剂拌种处理区;在大豆生育期间生防颗粒剂组合的放线菌数量都高于种衣剂拌种,在分枝期1号和4号生防颗粒剂处理的细菌数量高于种衣剂处理区和空白对照,开花期(R1)到成熟期(R8)多数生防颗粒剂处理的细菌数量也高于种衣剂处理和对照。生防颗粒剂在分枝期和开花期使土壤中木霉菌数量增加,生防颗粒剂组合、种衣剂处理区和空白对照在分枝期镰孢菌数量较低,除生防颗粒剂组合1号外葡萄孢菌数量在出苗期、结荚盛期都低于空白对照。除结荚期外,其它时期生防颗粒剂处理较空白对照区青霉菌多。

The test was conducted on plots of soybean fields,the aim is to discuss the effects of agent by Trichoderma spp.and several biocontrol combinations on soil microorganism community,after they were used in soybean fields.The results indicated that the biocontrol granules agent neither changed the soil microorganism system nor made distinct fluctuation of some soil microorganism.The populations of fungi in soil with most of biocontrol granule combinations were lower than that of seed coat during soybean growth,however,the populations of actinomyces in soil with combination biocontrol granule agents were higher than that of seed coat,the populations of bacteria in soil with combination biocontrol granule No.1 and No.4 were higher than those of seed coat and CK in V1,the same results were found to bacteria of soils with most of biocontrol granules from R1 to R8.The populations of Trichoderma spp.increased due to biocontrol granules in V1 and R1.The populations of Fusarium spp.were low in soil with biocontrol granules,seed coat and CK in V1,the populations of Botrytis spp.of soil with biocontrol granules were lower than that of CK but biocontrol granule combination No.1 in VE and R4.The populations of Penicillium spp.in soil with biocontrol granules were higher than that of CK excluding R4.