不同耕作方式对大豆胞囊线虫群体数量的影响

INFLUENCES OF TILLAGE PRACTICES ON THE NUMBER OF SOYBEAN CYST NEMATODE POPULATION

研究四种耕作方式(连作、轮作、水田改旱作和撂荒)对大豆苗期胞囊线虫群体数量的影响。研究结果表明,在黑龙江和辽宁两省,连作使大豆田土壤中胞囊数量显著增加,撂荒使大豆田土壤中胞囊积累数量最少,其次是水改旱和轮作。连作可促进大豆根上和根内胞囊线虫数量显著增加,随连作年限增加,根内胞囊线虫数量也显著增加。轮作条件下根上和根内大豆胞囊线虫的发生较连作少,但高于水改旱和撂荒,其中在3种轮作方式中玉米?玉米?大豆的轮作土壤中胞囊数量积累最少,根上和根内大豆胞囊线虫发生也较少。水改旱条件下,根上和根内大豆胞囊线虫的发生数量都很少。撂荒条件下,根上未发现胞囊线虫,而且根内胞囊线虫发生也很少。大豆种衣剂的施用在一定程度上能够抑制或干扰胞囊线虫的孵化与侵染。

The influences of 4 types tillage practices,continuous cropping(CC),rotation(RO),lowland fieid turn to glebe(LTG) and abandonment of arable land(AAL) on the number of Soybean Cyst Nematode(SCN) population at seedling stage of soybean were studied in this paper.The results showed that continuous cropping notably increased the cyst number of soybean field in soil,but abandonment of arable land made the cyst number of soybean field in soil accumulate at least,next were the cyst number of lowland field turn to glebe and rotation in Heilongjiang and Liaoning Province.Continuous cropping accelerated remarkable increase of the number of cysts on the root surface and inside root,moreover with the increasing of continuous cropping years,the number of cyst nematodes inside root as well remarkable increased.Rotation made the occurrence of Soybean Cyst Nematodes on the root surface and inside root less than continuous cropping,but higher than lowland field turn to glebe and abandonment of arable land,and among three rotation methods,rotation of corn corn soybean made the cysts number in soil accumulate at least,and the occurrence of Soybean Cyst Nematodes on the root surface and inside root were less.Lowland field turn to glebe made the occurrence of Soybean Cyst Nematodes on the root surface and inside root also were less.In abandonment of arable land,cyst nematodes weren't found on the soybean root surface,moreover the number of cyst nematodes were less.To some extent using soybean seed coating could constrain or disturb cyst nematode's hatch and infection.