儿童期虐待对小学生社会能力的影响

Effect of Childhood Abuse on Pupils' Social Ability

目的研究受虐待小学生的社会能力及其与各种儿童虐待形式的关系。方法对179例小学生进行了儿童期虐待史自评量表(PRCA)和Achenbach儿童行为量表(CBCL)测试。结果受虐待组小学生社会能力各因子分和总分低于无虐待:总分[(15.56±3.64)分与(17.70±3.72)分,t=3.73,P<0.001],11~12岁年龄组的学校情况因子分低于9~10岁组[(4.94±0.76)分与(5.17±0.63)分,t=2.19,P<0.05]。除性虐待外,PRCA各因子分和总分与社会能力各因子分和总分呈负相关(r=-0.159^-0.410,P<0.05或P<0.01)。躯体虐待对社交情况和学校情况具有负向预测作用(Beta值=-0.161^-0.201,t=-2.124^-2.433,P<0.05);情感虐待对活动情况、社交情况和学校情况具有负向预测作用(Beta值=-0.159^-0.207,t=-2.141^-2.723,P<0.05或P<0.01)。忽视和性虐待对学校情况具有负向预测作用(Beta值=-0.170^-0.273,t=-2.236^-3.441,P<0.05和P<0.001)。结论儿童虐待可对小学生社会能力的发展造成不良影响,躯体虐待、情感虐待、忽视和性虐待可显著预测个体的社会能力。

Objective To study the developmental characteristics of Social behavior in 4 grade pupils abused and to explore its relationship with childhood abuse. Methods 179 elementary school students abused were investigated by applying Personal Report of Childhood Abuse (PRCA) and Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL). Results Compared with no-abused pupils, the pupils abused was significantly lower total score and factor scores of social behavior [total (15.56±3.64)vs(17.70±3.72), t=3.73, P<0.001]. Social behavior were significantly correlated with all factors of PRCA except sexual abuse (r=-0.159^-0.410, P<0.05 or P<0.01). Physical abuse factor had striking passive predictable functions on school factor and sociability factor (Beta=-0.161^-0.201, t=-2.124^-2.433, P<0.05). Emotional abuse factor had remarkable passive predictable functions on all factors of social behavior (Beta=-0.159^-0.207, t=-2.141^-2.723, P<0.05 or P<0.01). Neglect factor and sexual abuse factor had obvious passive predictable functions on school factor (Beta=-0.170^-0.273, t=-2.236^-3.441, P<0.05 and P<0.001). Conclusion Childhood abuse can severely impact pupils' social behavior. The pupils' social behavior maybe predicted by physical abuse factor, emotional abuse factor, neglect factor and sexual abuse factor.