陕西栓皮栎种群分布格局的分形特征

Fractal Properties of the Spatial Pattern of Quercus variabilis Population in Shaanxi

为了揭示种群空间分布的非均匀状况,应用分形理论和方法,分析了黄龙山区、秦岭北坡以及巴山北坡栓皮栎种群空间分布格局的计盒维数与信息维数.结果表明:从北到南,在海拔900 m左右,栓皮栎种群分布格局的计盒维数和信息维数变化规律为低-高-较低;在秦岭北坡海拔600～1 300 m内,2种分形维数在800～1 100 m最大,表明这一地域栓皮栎种群占据生态空间的能力、聚集程度、种群密度等都是最大的,最适合栓皮栎种群生长和演替.

In order to discloses exactly the unevenness of individual distribution by the fractal theory and technique,this paper analyzed the spatial distribution patterns of Quercus variabilis population from Huanglong Mountain,the north slope of Qinling and Bashan Mountains by the box-counting dimension and information dimension.The results indicated that,from north to south at altitude of 900 m,the regulation of the two kinds of fractal dimensions performed lower,higher and lower pattern.After analyzing the two kinds of fractal dimensions from altitudes of 600 m to 1 300 m in the north slope of Qinling mountains,the fractal dimensions achieved the highest level in the region at altitudes from the 800 m to 1 100 m.That situation showed that the spatial occupied capacity,the aggregation degree and the density of Q.variabilis population achieved the highest level.It meant the region was the most suitable region for the Q.variabilis population growth and development.