成都市2004-2006年食源性疾病现状及控制对策研究

Current status of foodborne illnesses in Chengdu Municipal in 2004-2006 and discussion of control strategy

目的了解成都市2004-2006年食源性疾病的发生现况,为食品安全管理提供依据。方法收集食物中毒和5种经食物而感染的肠道传染病发病数据进行统计分析。结果2类食源性疾病中,以食源性传染病为主,占总病例数的60.74%;食源性传染病中以细菌性痢疾、甲肝为多;食物中毒以微生物性食物中毒的报告起数、中毒人数均居首位,分别占食物中毒总起数、食物中毒总人数的62.50%、66.42%,其次为不明原因和有毒动植物因素各占21.43%和12.50%;食物中毒事件按就餐场所分为集体食堂、家庭、饮食服务单位、其他场所,特别是农村地区的家庭,成为发生食物中毒的高危场所;食源性传染病发病高峰在6～9月份;有3个高峰年龄段,5岁以下儿童有小高峰,10～15岁和30～35岁为发病高峰。结论重点加强农村学校食堂的卫生监督与管理,加强食物中毒预防控制的宣传力度,提高消费者,特别是广大农民、中小学生的自我保护意识;关注的人群为10岁以下的学生、儿童和农民。

Objective To explore the pattern of foodborne disease incidence so as to provide foundation for foodsafty administration.Methods Date and cases associated with food poisoning and five foodborne disease were collected and analyzed.Results Two types of foodborne diseases were predominated and accounted for 60.74% of total cases.Bacillary dysentery,Hepatitis A Virus was main foodborne infectious disease.Bacterial food poisoning was the main causes,accounting for 62.50%、66.42% of the total outbreaks and cases.Secondly Pathogenic factors are poisonous animal and plant contamination,accounting for 12.50%、21.43% of the total outbreaks.The food-poisoning divides into four parts:diningrooms、households、food service units and other unites,especially the family in rural village is the dangerous site for place of food-poisoning.The peak season of foodborne infectious disease was focused from June to Augest;The age of the patients was mainly concentrated on 0-5,10-15 and 30-34 years old.Conclusion Since the data in this report did not cover all foodborne diseases,The number reported was only part of the iceberg.Sanitary management of the dining room in middle and primary countryside schools should be improved.Strengthen the force of food poisoning prevention and control;Meanwhile,to amplify consumer 's consciousness of self-protection is also of extreme importance.Attention be paid on protection of students,children below 10 years old,and the peasant.Suggestion:Crystalize definition of foodborne illness;Establish Computer network for monitoring the foodborne illness.So as to control and early-alert the foodborne disease.