肉牛不同杂交组合F_1代屠宰性能研究

Research of Slaughter Trait of F1 generation between Different Hybrid Combinations

选择5个品种(DH、IJ、AB、AG、HF)与川南山地黄牛杂交F1代育肥牛各3头屠宰,研究各组合间屠宰性能的差异。结果表明:(1)AG、DH杂交组合活重极显著高于IJ(P<0.01);(2)AG、AB、DH 3个杂交组合间屠宰率、净肉率、胴体产肉率差异不显著,但均显著高于HF、IJ(P<0.05);(3)AG杂交组合眼肌面积显著高于HF、IJ(P<0.05);(4)IJ杂交组合牛肉优质率,HF、DH杂交组合里脊占净肉率,HF杂交组合膝圆肉占净肉率显著高于其他杂交组合(P<0.05);(5)所有杂交组合F1代腱子肉占净肉率、嫩肩肉占净肉率、小米龙占净肉率差异不显著(P>0.05)。

Five cattle breeds(DH,IJ,AB,AG,HF)were crossed with yellow cattle in southern Sichuan mountainous region respectively,three of each F1 generation feeder cattle were slaughtered to study the difference of every slaughter trait index between five combinations.It was indicated that :(1) The living weights of AG × yellow cattle and DH ×yellow cattle were both extremely higher than IJ ×yellow cattle(P<0.01);(2) the slaughter percentage,meat percentage and the ratio of meat weight to carcass weight were measured,the differences among AG× yellow cattle,AB ×yellow cattle and DH ×yellow cattle were all not significant,but they are all higher than HF ×yellow cattle and IJ×yellow cattle(P<0.05);(3)the area of back longest muscle of AG× yellowcattle was higher than HF ×yellow cattle and IJ × yellow cattle obviously(P<0.05);(4)the ratios of total high-quality beef weight to meat weight of IJ×yellow cattle,loin weight to meat weight of HF ×yellow cattle,DH×yellow cattle and boneless beef knuckle weight to meat weight of HF ×yellow cattle were higher than other combinations(P<0.05);(5)the differences of the ratios of three kinds of meat weight(sinew meat,tender shoulder meat and millet long) to meat weight were all not significant(P>0.05).