婴幼儿肠道菌群与辅食添加状况的相关性研究

A research on relationship between intestinal microflora and supplementary food adding

目的探讨辅食添加种类及摄入营养素对婴幼儿肠道菌群及定植抗力的影响。方法通过整群抽样对336名婴幼儿分5组进行3日膳食调查,并随机抽取55名母乳喂养儿进行粪便中双歧杆菌、乳酸杆菌、产气荚膜梭菌、拟杆菌、肠道杆菌培养测定;菌群定植抗力用粪便中双歧杆菌与肠杆菌数量的比值(B/E)表示。结果婴幼儿肠道菌群总量在109cfu/g以上,拟杆菌属数量最高,其次为双歧杆菌属、肠杆菌、产气荚膜梭菌、乳酸菌属。肠道B/E值平均大于1。与肠道菌群及定植抗力有显著相关性或被多因素分析选入方程的膳食因素有辅食添加的豆类、蛋类、水果类食物及摄入的营养素辅食纤维、维生素、脂肪、碘、锰等,它们对提高肠道有益菌数量,促进肠道菌群平衡有很重要的作用。结论应及时给婴儿添加优质的辅食,有利于促进儿童肠道有益菌的繁殖与菌群平衡。

Objective To investigate effects of sorts of supplementary foods and nutrients intaken on intestinal microflora and implantation resistance of the infants.Methods In cluster sampling method,336 healthy infants aged 0～18 months were divided into 5 age groups and were investigated for dietary investigation for 3 days.From which,55 breast-fed infants were selected randomly and five kinds of bacteria in their faeces(Bifidobacterium,Lactobacillus,C.perfringens,Bacteroides and Enterobacter) were examined after culture.The ability of resistant pathogenic bacterium microflora in intestinal tract(implantation resistance to micro flora in the intestinal tract) was shown as B/E.The data were statistically analyzed by SPSS 13.0 software.Results The total number of five kinds of bacteria was more than 109cfu/g. Of which,the number of Bacteroides was the highest and the next to it was Bifidobacterium,Enterobacter,C.perfringens and Lactobacillus in order.The average value of intestinal B/E was above 1.The dietary factors associated with intestinal microflora and intestinal implantation resistance or selected in multi-factorial equation included supplementary foods such as beans,eggs,fruits and nutrients intaken such as diet fiber,vitamins,fat,iodine,manganum,and so on.These foods and nutrients intaken played important roles in increasing number of intestinal beneficial microflora and in promoting balance of those intestinal beneficial bacteria.ConclusionThe high-quality supplementary foods should be added timely to the infants to promote reproduction of intestinal beneficial bacteria and balance of those intestinal microflora.