明代中后期隐士与山人之文化透析

Analysis on Culture of Hermits and Shanrens during the Middle and Late Ming

明中后期,隐士相对减少,而山人奔走于天下,成为这一时期一种较为奇特的文化现象。如果说明代隐士仍然是传统隐士文化的延续,那么山人则是传统的隐士文化与该时期特定的历史环境和社会文化相作用而衍生出来的一种具有鲜明时代特色的文化现象。本文主要分析这一时期隐士和山人及其不同的社会交往范式,从文化的角度来理解和诠释这一特殊现象。

Hermits decreased correspondingly during the Middle and Late Ming, but Shanrens were more and more, and became a special cultural phenomenon in these times. If it was said that hermits were still continuing of traditional eremitic culture, shanrens were cultural phenomena of distinguishing age's feature deriving from interaction of given historical condition and social culture. The thesis analyzes mainly hermits and shanrens in these times as well as their diverse social intercourse, and apprehends and deciphers this special phenomenon from the point of view of culture.