瘤胃十八碳不饱和脂肪酸氢化的研究进展

Research Progress on Octadeca-Carbon Unsaturated Fatty Acids Biohydrogenation in Rumen

瘤胃微生物对不饱和脂肪酸的生物氢化作用,限制了其转化效率,使乳脂肪酸组成的调控难以达到理想的效果。不饱和脂肪酸对微生物生长的抑制是氢化的主要原因;氢化的程度主要由瘤胃内环境决定,如瘤胃pH、金属离子浓度等,脂肪酸来源、水平、脂肪酸之间的相互作用以及其他营养因素等均会对脂肪酸的氢化造成影响。本文主要综述了反刍动物饲料中不饱和脂肪酸氢化的过程、氢化相关瘤胃微生物以及影响氢化程度的因素,同时探讨了营养途径调控氢化的方法,为进一步调控乳脂肪酸组成提供依据。

Biohydrogenation of unsaturated fatty acids in the rumen heavily limited the conversion efficiency,which restricted the manipulation of milk fatty acids composition.The inhibition of unsaturated fatty acid on ruminal microbes might be the main reason and the biohydrogenation extent was determined by rumen environment,such as pH,concentration of metallic ion.The source and level of fatty acids,interaction between fatty acids and other nutritional factors all could affect biohydrogenation.Based on the main fatty acids in ruminal feed,this article reviewed the process,the bacteria that involving in the biohydrogenation and factors that affect the extent of octadeca-carbon unsaturated fatty acids biohydrogenation,and the according manipulations were also discussed.