基于有限元仿真的金属板材单点渐进成形分析

The mechanical analysis of sheet metal incremental forming by numerical simulation based on solid element

目前对板材单点渐进成形新型工艺的研究多是通过物理试验,从金属宏观位移的角度分析成形过程的一般规律,研究成形参数对成形能力的影响,而无法获得成形过程中真实的变形过程。文章基于刚粘塑性有限元法,应用实体单元,对渐进成形中在直线轨迹和曲线轨迹下的板材成形过程进行数值模拟,分析成形过程中各部分应力、应变的特点,并深入探讨了渐进成形过程的成形机理。研究表明,成形过程中,变形区可以划分为4个具有显著差异的区域考察变形特点;在工具头局部成形时,变形金属在压应力的作用下变形,具有更高的成形极限。

The sheet metal incremental forming (SIF) is a new forming process without dedicated dies. It is suitable for the shell parts with complex curved faces. Most research on sheet metal incremental forming is mainly based on experiments and to explain the process through macroscopic metal deformation. So, the reality deformation process could not be obtained. In this paper, the incremental forming process is analyzed by three-dimension solid elements numerical simulation. Through the stress and stain distribution at the different stages of the process, the deformation principle of incremental forming is researched. The research shows that the area of deformation can be divided into four parts with different deformation patterns in the forming process; on the action of compression stresses, the higher forming limit could be reached.