老年人跌倒危险因素的调查

Investigation the risk factors of falls for the aged

目的:分析老年人跌倒的危险因素,为制定预防老年人跌倒的干预措施提供依据。方法:经方便取样,通过问卷访谈法调查200例60岁以上老人的跌倒状况及相关的危险因素。结果:老年人跌倒年发生率为34%,且随着年龄的增高而上升;64.4%跌倒发生在室内,主要是由腿脚无力和障碍物绊倒所致,跌倒造成的损伤主要有软组织损伤(75%)、骨折(25%),老年人跌倒是生理和心理状况、疾病、药物和生活环境等诸多因素交互作用的结果。结论:预防老年人跌倒建议采取包括安全教育、疾病治疗、用药指导、环境改造、体育锻炼等多元化的综合干预措施。

Objective:To analyse the risk factors of falls for the aged,and to formulate intervention measures for the aged.Methods:By convenlentsampling,200 elderly people over 60 years old were investigeted to partcipate in this study.The fallsituation and the relevant risk factors were investigated through interview.Results:The incidence of fall was 34% and increased by the aging.The fall occurred in indoors(64.4%)due to the extremities weakness lr the stumble against the obstacles.Fall resulted in parenchymainjuries(75%),fear(56.7%)and fractwes(26%).The falls among the elderly people were caused by the multiple and interrelated factors,such as physical and psychological condition,disease,medicine and living environment.Conclusion:To prevent the falls,the muitple andcomprdhensive intervention should be proposde.They included safety education,diseasetreament,medicine instruction,environment modification and physical exercise.