某监测哨点住院结核患者人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)感染状况

Sentinel surveillance: HIV/AIDS incidence among inpatients with tuberculosis

目的通过哨点监测住院结核患者中HIV感染和发病状况。方法对住院结核病连续病例常规采用HIV血清抗体ELISA法初筛,阳性者抽血复验,并送省疾病控制中心HIV检测中心进行免疫印迹试验(WB)确认。结果本哨点3年间共对3345例住院结核患者进行了HIV筛查,其中男性2 257例(67.5%),女性1 088例(32.5%);平均年龄(41.1±13.0)岁;职业以农民为主,占64.5%,其次是行政管理、技术人员,占24.6%,商业服务者占10.1%,学生占0.8%。入院时肺结核患者3274例,其中涂阳肺结核患者598例(18.3%),涂阴肺结核患者2676例(81.7%)。初治结核患者1 057例(32.3%),复治2 217例(67.7%)。共检出HIV血清阳性者2例,均为男性;年龄分别为49和40岁;2人均为性传播感染,HIV感染率为0.06%。结论住院结核病患者中HIV感染率接近全国平均0.05%的感染水平。

Objective To determine the incidence of HIV/AIDS co-infection among inpatients with tuberculosis in a hospital-based sentinel site in Hunan province. Methods The inpatients with tuberculosis were consecutively enrolled and screened for HIV infection using ELISA assay over 3 year period.Positive results were repeated by a second HIV ELISA testing and confirmed by a western blotting.Results Total 3345 eligible tuberculosis patients were admitted and screened for HIV test during 3 years observation period,2257(67.5%) were male and 1088(32.5%)were female with the mean age(SD) 41.1(±13.0) years.64.5% of them were farmers,24.6% were staff and workers,10.1% were commercial servers and the rest were students in high school or college.3274 of the participants(97.9%) were diagnosed as pulmonary tuberculosis,50 tuberculous pleurisy and 21 extra-pulmonary tuberculosis cases.Of pulmonary tuberculosis cases,598(18.3%) were sputum smear positive for acid-fast bacilli and 2676(81.7%) were negative,1057(32.3%) were new cases and 2217(67.7%) retreatment cases.Total 2 cases with pulmonary TB were confirmed HIV-seropositive,both were male with the age of 49 and 40,respectively.They was infected HIV by sexual transmission.HIV/AIDS incidence among inpatients with tuberculosis was 0.06%.Conclusions The incidence of HIV/AIDS among inpatients with tuberculosis in a hospital-based sentinel site approximates 0.05%,which was estimated among general population.