水库建设与生态系统和谐

Congruence of reservoir construction and ecology system

水库建设和运行对流域内上下游的生物群落和生态系统产生诸多负面影响,诸如改变流域水文气候,导致水温分层、泥沙淤积、水质恶化,切断河流廊道,阻隔鱼类洄游通道等;此外,传统的水库调度方式仅体现水库的工程效益、经济效益和社会效益,忽视了其生态效益。通过详细探讨这些问题,据此提出生态水库的概念,并从规划、设计、施工及生态调度等方面探讨了生态水库的理论体系,即水库建设需与生态系统达到高度的和谐与统一。

Reservoir construction and function will do harm to biology community and ecological system in the river basin,such as changing the hydrological climate,leading to thermal stratification,bed-load sedimentation and water quality deterioration,shutting off river corridor,and obstructing passage of migratory game fish.Moreover,traditional regulation of reservoir just represents the project,economic and social benefit,ignoring its ecological benefit.The paper discussed these questions in detail,brought forward the concept of ecological reservoir,and discussed its theory system including the plan,design,construction and regulation,which implied that the construction of reservoir and ecosystem need to keep congruence and unification.