肝素诱导的血小板减少症的病因、诊断和治疗研究进展

Progress in heparin-induced thrombocytopenia:pathogenesis,diagnosis and therapy

肝素诱导的血小板减少症(HIT)的病因主要为机体产生的血小板因子4抗体和肝素形成超大复合物,它们具有抗原性,与血小板FcγRⅡA受体结合,触发血小板的活化和聚集现象,可引起血小板减少、血栓形成等临床表现。通过实验室检查,可以支持HIT的诊断。治疗原则主要为停用肝素,选择其他抗凝药物等。

The pathogenesis of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT) was the formation of ultralarge complexes,anti-heparin-platelet factor 4 ( PF4) antibodies, they had antigenicity and binded to platelet FcγRⅡA receptor, triggered platelet activation and aggregation, induced thrombocytopenia and thrombosis. Laboratory tests might support the diagnosis of HIT. Therapy included stopping heparin and option for alterative anticoagulant agents.